The topography of mutational processes in breast cancer genomes
Identifieur interne : 001548 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001547; suivant : 001549The topography of mutational processes in breast cancer genomes
Auteurs : Sandro Morganella [Royaume-Uni] ; Ludmil B. Alexandrov [Royaume-Uni, États-Unis] ; Dominik Glodzik [Royaume-Uni] ; Xueqing Zou [Royaume-Uni] ; Helen Davies [Royaume-Uni] ; Johan Staaf [Suède] ; Anieta M. Sieuwerts [Pays-Bas] ; Arie B. Brinkman [Pays-Bas] ; Sancha Martin [Royaume-Uni] ; Manasa Ramakrishna [Royaume-Uni] ; Adam Butler [Royaume-Uni] ; Hyung-Yong Kim [Corée du Sud] ; Ke Borg [Suède] ; Christos Sotiriou [Belgique] ; P. Andrew Futreal [Royaume-Uni, États-Unis] ; Peter J. Campbell [Royaume-Uni] ; Paul N. Span [Pays-Bas] ; Steven Van Laere [Belgique] ; Sunil R. Lakhani [Australie] ; Jorunn E. Eyfjord [Islande] ; Alastair M. Thompson [États-Unis, Royaume-Uni] ; Hendrik G. Stunnenberg [Pays-Bas] ; Marc J. Van De Vijver [Pays-Bas] ; John W. M. Martens [Pays-Bas] ; Anne-Lise B Rresen-Dale [Norvège] ; Andrea L. Richardson [États-Unis] ; Gu Kong [Corée du Sud] ; Gilles Thomas [France] ; Julian Sale [Royaume-Uni] ; Cristina Rada [Royaume-Uni] ; Michael R. Stratton [Royaume-Uni] ; Ewan Birney [Royaume-Uni] ; Serena Nik-Zainal [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Nature Communications [ 2041-1723 ] ; 2016.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Altération de l'ADN, Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Apolipoprotéines B (génétique), Apolipoprotéines B (métabolisme), Cellules MCF-7, Chromatine (), Chromatine (métabolisme), Femelle, Génome humain, Humains, Mutagenèse, Mutation, Réparation de l'ADN, Réplication de l'ADN, Transcription génétique, Tumeurs du sein (anatomopathologie), Tumeurs du sein (génétique), Tumeurs du sein (métabolisme).
- MESH :
- anatomopathologie : Tumeurs du sein.
- génétique : Apolipoprotéines B, Tumeurs du sein.
- métabolisme : Apolipoprotéines B, Chromatine, Tumeurs du sein.
- Altération de l'ADN, Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Cellules MCF-7, Chromatine, Femelle, Génome humain, Humains, Mutagenèse, Mutation, Réparation de l'ADN, Réplication de l'ADN, Transcription génétique.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Apolipoproteins B (genetics), Apolipoproteins B (metabolism), Breast Neoplasms (genetics), Breast Neoplasms (metabolism), Breast Neoplasms (pathology), Chromatin (chemistry), Chromatin (metabolism), DNA Damage, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, Female, Genome, Human, Humans, MCF-7 Cells, Mutagenesis, Mutation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Transcription, Genetic.
- MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : Chromatin.
- chemical , genetics : Apolipoproteins B.
- chemical , metabolism : Apolipoproteins B, Chromatin.
- genetics : Breast Neoplasms.
- metabolism : Breast Neoplasms.
- pathology : Breast Neoplasms.
- DNA Damage, DNA Repair, DNA Replication, Female, Genome, Human, Humans, MCF-7 Cells, Mutagenesis, Mutation, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Transcription, Genetic.
Abstract
Somatic mutations in human cancers show unevenness in genomic distribution that correlate with aspects of genome structure and function. These mutations are, however, generated by multiple mutational processes operating through the cellular lineage between the fertilized egg and the cancer cell, each composed of specific DNA damage and repair components and leaving its own characteristic mutational signature on the genome. Using somatic mutation catalogues from 560 breast cancer whole-genome sequences, here we show that each of 12 base substitution, 2 insertion/deletion (indel) and 6 rearrangement mutational signatures present in breast tissue, exhibit distinct relationships with genomic features relating to transcription, DNA replication and chromatin organization. This signature-based approach permits visualization of the genomic distribution of mutational processes associated with APOBEC enzymes, mismatch repair deficiency and homologous recombinational repair deficiency, as well as mutational processes of unknown aetiology. Furthermore, it highlights mechanistic insights including a putative replication-dependent mechanism of APOBEC-related mutagenesis.
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11383
PubMed: 27136393
PubMed Central: 5001788
Affiliations:
- Australie, Belgique, Corée du Sud, France, Islande, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Royaume-Uni, Suède, États-Unis
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Le document en format XML
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Andrew" last="Futreal">P. Andrew Futreal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus</institution>, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a10"><institution>Department of Genomic Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center</institution>, Houston, Texas 77230,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Campbell, Peter J" sort="Campbell, Peter J" uniqKey="Campbell P" first="Peter J." last="Campbell">Peter J. Campbell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Span, Paul N" sort="Span, Paul N" uniqKey="Span P" first="Paul N." last="Span">Paul N. Span</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a11"><institution>Department of Radiation Oncology, and department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud university medical center</institution>, Nijmegen 6525GA,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Laere, Steven" sort="Van Laere, Steven" uniqKey="Van Laere S" first="Steven" last="Van Laere">Steven Van Laere</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a12"><institution>Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium and Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp</institution>, Antwerp B-2610,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lakhani, Sunil R" sort="Lakhani, Sunil R" uniqKey="Lakhani S" first="Sunil R." last="Lakhani">Sunil R. Lakhani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a13"><institution>Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, University of Queensland</institution>, Brisbane, Queensland 4059,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a14"><institution>Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital</institution>, Brisbane, Queensland 4029,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" sort="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" uniqKey="Eyfjord J" first="Jorunn E." last="Eyfjord">Jorunn E. Eyfjord</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a15"><institution>Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland</institution>, 101 Reykjavik,<country>Iceland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Islande</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Alastair M" sort="Thompson, Alastair M" uniqKey="Thompson A" first="Alastair M." last="Thompson">Alastair M. Thompson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a16"><institution>Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center</institution>, 1400 Pressler Street,Houston, Texas 77030,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a17"><institution>Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Dundee</institution>, Dundee DD1 9SY,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" sort="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" uniqKey="Stunnenberg H" first="Hendrik G." last="Stunnenberg">Hendrik G. Stunnenberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a7"><institution>Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology</institution>, 6525GA Nijmegen,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Vijver, Marc J" sort="Van De Vijver, Marc J" uniqKey="Van De Vijver M" first="Marc J." last="Van De Vijver">Marc J. Van De Vijver</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a18"><institution>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center</institution>, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martens, John W M" sort="Martens, John W M" uniqKey="Martens J" first="John W. M." last="Martens">John W. M. 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Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo</institution>, Oslo 0310,<country>Norway</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richardson, Andrea L" sort="Richardson, Andrea L" uniqKey="Richardson A" first="Andrea L." last="Richardson">Andrea L. Richardson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a21"><institution>Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital</institution>, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a22"><institution>Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute</institution>, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kong, Gu" sort="Kong, Gu" uniqKey="Kong G" first="Gu" last="Kong">Gu Kong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a8"><institution>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University</institution>, Seoul 133-791,<country>South Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Gilles" sort="Thomas, Gilles" uniqKey="Thomas G" first="Gilles" last="Thomas">Gilles Thomas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a23"><institution>Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard</institution>, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon Cedex 08,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sale, Julian" sort="Sale, Julian" uniqKey="Sale J" first="Julian" last="Sale">Julian Sale</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a24"><institution>MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue</institution>, Cambridge CB2 0QH,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rada, Cristina" sort="Rada, Cristina" uniqKey="Rada C" first="Cristina" last="Rada">Cristina Rada</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a24"><institution>MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue</institution>, Cambridge CB2 0QH,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stratton, Michael R" sort="Stratton, Michael R" uniqKey="Stratton M" first="Michael R." last="Stratton">Michael R. Stratton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Birney, Ewan" sort="Birney, Ewan" uniqKey="Birney E" first="Ewan" last="Birney">Ewan Birney</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus</institution>, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, Serena" sort="Nik Zainal, Serena" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S" first="Serena" last="Nik-Zainal">Serena Nik-Zainal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a25"><institution>East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</institution>, Cambridge CB2 9NB,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">27136393</idno><idno type="pmc">5001788</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5001788</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:5001788</idno><idno type="doi">10.1038/ncomms11383</idno><date when="2016">2016</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000769</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000769</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000768</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000768</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000527</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000527</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">001F28</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">001F28</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">001F04</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">001F04</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">001F04</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">001F04</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">003499</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">003499</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">003499</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">001543</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">001548</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">001548</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The topography of mutational processes in breast cancer genomes</title><author><name sortKey="Morganella, Sandro" sort="Morganella, Sandro" uniqKey="Morganella S" first="Sandro" last="Morganella">Sandro Morganella</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus</institution>, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" sort="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" uniqKey="Alexandrov L" first="Ludmil B." last="Alexandrov">Ludmil B. Alexandrov</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a3"><institution>Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory</institution>, Los Alamos NM 87545, New Mexico,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a4"><institution>Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory</institution>, Los Alamos NM 87545, New Mexico,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Glodzik, Dominik" sort="Glodzik, Dominik" uniqKey="Glodzik D" first="Dominik" last="Glodzik">Dominik Glodzik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zou, Xueqing" sort="Zou, Xueqing" uniqKey="Zou X" first="Xueqing" last="Zou">Xueqing Zou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Davies, Helen" sort="Davies, Helen" uniqKey="Davies H" first="Helen" last="Davies">Helen Davies</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Staaf, Johan" sort="Staaf, Johan" uniqKey="Staaf J" first="Johan" last="Staaf">Johan Staaf</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a5"><institution>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University</institution>, Lund SE-223 81,<country>Sweden</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sieuwerts, Anieta M" sort="Sieuwerts, Anieta M" uniqKey="Sieuwerts A" first="Anieta M." last="Sieuwerts">Anieta M. Sieuwerts</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a6"><institution>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center</institution>, Rotterdam 3015CN,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Brinkman, Arie B" sort="Brinkman, Arie B" uniqKey="Brinkman A" first="Arie B." last="Brinkman">Arie B. Brinkman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a7"><institution>Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology</institution>, 6525GA Nijmegen,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martin, Sancha" sort="Martin, Sancha" uniqKey="Martin S" first="Sancha" last="Martin">Sancha Martin</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ramakrishna, Manasa" sort="Ramakrishna, Manasa" uniqKey="Ramakrishna M" first="Manasa" last="Ramakrishna">Manasa Ramakrishna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Butler, Adam" sort="Butler, Adam" uniqKey="Butler A" first="Adam" last="Butler">Adam Butler</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Hyung Yong" sort="Kim, Hyung Yong" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hyung-Yong" last="Kim">Hyung-Yong Kim</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a8"><institution>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University</institution>, Seoul 133-791,<country>South Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Borg, Ke" sort="Borg, Ke" uniqKey="Borg " first=" Ke" last="Borg"> Ke Borg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a5"><institution>Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University</institution>, Lund SE-223 81,<country>Sweden</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Suède</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sotiriou, Christos" sort="Sotiriou, Christos" uniqKey="Sotiriou C" first="Christos" last="Sotiriou">Christos Sotiriou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a9"><institution>Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles</institution>, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Futreal, P Andrew" sort="Futreal, P Andrew" uniqKey="Futreal P" first="P. Andrew" last="Futreal">P. Andrew Futreal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus</institution>, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a10"><institution>Department of Genomic Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center</institution>, Houston, Texas 77230,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Campbell, Peter J" sort="Campbell, Peter J" uniqKey="Campbell P" first="Peter J." last="Campbell">Peter J. Campbell</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Span, Paul N" sort="Span, Paul N" uniqKey="Span P" first="Paul N." last="Span">Paul N. Span</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a11"><institution>Department of Radiation Oncology, and department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud university medical center</institution>, Nijmegen 6525GA,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van Laere, Steven" sort="Van Laere, Steven" uniqKey="Van Laere S" first="Steven" last="Van Laere">Steven Van Laere</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a12"><institution>Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Wilrijk, Belgium and Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp</institution>, Antwerp B-2610,<country>Belgium</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Belgique</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lakhani, Sunil R" sort="Lakhani, Sunil R" uniqKey="Lakhani S" first="Sunil R." last="Lakhani">Sunil R. Lakhani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a13"><institution>Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, University of Queensland</institution>, Brisbane, Queensland 4059,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a14"><institution>Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital</institution>, Brisbane, Queensland 4029,<country>Australia</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Australie</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" sort="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" uniqKey="Eyfjord J" first="Jorunn E." last="Eyfjord">Jorunn E. Eyfjord</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a15"><institution>Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland</institution>, 101 Reykjavik,<country>Iceland</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Islande</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thompson, Alastair M" sort="Thompson, Alastair M" uniqKey="Thompson A" first="Alastair M." last="Thompson">Alastair M. Thompson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a16"><institution>Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center</institution>, 1400 Pressler Street,Houston, Texas 77030,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a17"><institution>Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Dundee</institution>, Dundee DD1 9SY,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" sort="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" uniqKey="Stunnenberg H" first="Hendrik G." last="Stunnenberg">Hendrik G. Stunnenberg</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a7"><institution>Radboud University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology</institution>, 6525GA Nijmegen,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Van De Vijver, Marc J" sort="Van De Vijver, Marc J" uniqKey="Van De Vijver M" first="Marc J." last="Van De Vijver">Marc J. Van De Vijver</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a18"><institution>Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center</institution>, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Martens, John W M" sort="Martens, John W M" uniqKey="Martens J" first="John W. M." last="Martens">John W. M. Martens</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a6"><institution>Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center</institution>, Rotterdam 3015CN,<country>The Netherlands</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Pays-Bas</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="B Rresen Dale, Anne Lise" sort="B Rresen Dale, Anne Lise" uniqKey="B Rresen Dale A" first="Anne-Lise" last="B Rresen-Dale">Anne-Lise B Rresen-Dale</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a19"><institution>Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital</institution>, Oslo 0310,<country>Norway</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a20"><institution>K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo</institution>, Oslo 0310,<country>Norway</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Richardson, Andrea L" sort="Richardson, Andrea L" uniqKey="Richardson A" first="Andrea L." last="Richardson">Andrea L. Richardson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a21"><institution>Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital</institution>, Boston, Massachusetts 02115,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a22"><institution>Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute</institution>, Boston, Massachusetts 02215,<country>USA</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kong, Gu" sort="Kong, Gu" uniqKey="Kong G" first="Gu" last="Kong">Gu Kong</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a8"><institution>Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University</institution>, Seoul 133-791,<country>South Korea</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Corée du Sud</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Thomas, Gilles" sort="Thomas, Gilles" uniqKey="Thomas G" first="Gilles" last="Thomas">Gilles Thomas</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a23"><institution>Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard</institution>, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon Cedex 08,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sale, Julian" sort="Sale, Julian" uniqKey="Sale J" first="Julian" last="Sale">Julian Sale</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a24"><institution>MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue</institution>, Cambridge CB2 0QH,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rada, Cristina" sort="Rada, Cristina" uniqKey="Rada C" first="Cristina" last="Rada">Cristina Rada</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a24"><institution>MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue</institution>, Cambridge CB2 0QH,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stratton, Michael R" sort="Stratton, Michael R" uniqKey="Stratton M" first="Michael R." last="Stratton">Michael R. Stratton</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Birney, Ewan" sort="Birney, Ewan" uniqKey="Birney E" first="Ewan" last="Birney">Ewan Birney</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a1"><institution>European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus</institution>, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, Serena" sort="Nik Zainal, Serena" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S" first="Serena" last="Nik-Zainal">Serena Nik-Zainal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a2"><institution>Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute</institution>, Cambridge CB10 1SA,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="a25"><institution>East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust</institution>, Cambridge CB2 9NB,<country>UK</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Nature Communications</title><idno type="eISSN">2041-1723</idno><imprint><date when="2016">2016</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Apolipoproteins B (genetics)</term><term>Apolipoproteins B (metabolism)</term><term>Breast Neoplasms (genetics)</term><term>Breast Neoplasms (metabolism)</term><term>Breast Neoplasms (pathology)</term><term>Chromatin (chemistry)</term><term>Chromatin (metabolism)</term><term>DNA Damage</term><term>DNA Repair</term><term>DNA Replication</term><term>Female</term><term>Genome, Human</term><term>Humans</term><term>MCF-7 Cells</term><term>Mutagenesis</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term><term>Transcription, Genetic</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Altération de l'ADN</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Apolipoprotéines B (génétique)</term><term>Apolipoprotéines B (métabolisme)</term><term>Cellules MCF-7</term><term>Chromatine ()</term><term>Chromatine (métabolisme)</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Génome humain</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mutagenèse</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Réparation de l'ADN</term><term>Réplication de l'ADN</term><term>Transcription génétique</term><term>Tumeurs du sein (anatomopathologie)</term><term>Tumeurs du sein (génétique)</term><term>Tumeurs du sein (métabolisme)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemistry" xml:lang="en"><term>Chromatin</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Apolipoproteins B</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Apolipoproteins B</term><term>Chromatin</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="anatomopathologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Tumeurs du sein</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Breast Neoplasms</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Apolipoprotéines B</term><term>Tumeurs du sein</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Breast Neoplasms</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Apolipoprotéines B</term><term>Chromatine</term><term>Tumeurs du sein</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathology" xml:lang="en"><term>Breast Neoplasms</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>DNA Damage</term><term>DNA Repair</term><term>DNA Replication</term><term>Female</term><term>Genome, Human</term><term>Humans</term><term>MCF-7 Cells</term><term>Mutagenesis</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Sequence Analysis, DNA</term><term>Transcription, Genetic</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Altération de l'ADN</term><term>Analyse de séquence d'ADN</term><term>Cellules MCF-7</term><term>Chromatine</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Génome humain</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mutagenèse</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Réparation de l'ADN</term><term>Réplication de l'ADN</term><term>Transcription génétique</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Somatic mutations in human cancers show unevenness in genomic distribution that
correlate with aspects of genome structure and function. These mutations are, however,
generated by multiple mutational processes operating through the cellular lineage
between the fertilized egg and the cancer cell, each composed of specific DNA damage and
repair components and leaving its own characteristic mutational signature on the genome.
Using somatic mutation catalogues from 560 breast cancer whole-genome sequences, here we
show that each of 12 base substitution, 2 insertion/deletion (indel) and 6 rearrangement
mutational signatures present in breast tissue, exhibit distinct relationships with
genomic features relating to transcription, DNA replication and chromatin organization.
This signature-based approach permits visualization of the genomic distribution of
mutational processes associated with APOBEC enzymes, mismatch repair deficiency and
homologous recombinational repair deficiency, as well as mutational processes of unknown
aetiology. Furthermore, it highlights mechanistic insights including a putative
replication-dependent mechanism of APOBEC-related mutagenesis.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De, S" uniqKey="De S">S. De</name></author><author><name sortKey="Michor, F" uniqKey="Michor F">F. Michor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drier, Y" uniqKey="Drier Y">Y. Drier</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koren, A" uniqKey="Koren A">A. Koren</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kundaje, A" uniqKey="Kundaje A">A. Kundaje</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Liu, L" uniqKey="Liu L">L. Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="De, S" uniqKey="De S">S. De</name></author><author><name sortKey="Michor, F" uniqKey="Michor F">F. Michor</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Supek, F" uniqKey="Supek F">F. Supek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lehner, B" uniqKey="Lehner B">B. Lehner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Woo, Y H" uniqKey="Woo Y">Y. H. Woo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, W H" uniqKey="Li W">W. H. Li</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Stamatoyannopoulos, J A" uniqKey="Stamatoyannopoulos J">J. A. Stamatoyannopoulos</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schuster Bockler, B" uniqKey="Schuster Bockler B">B. Schuster-Bockler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lehner, B" uniqKey="Lehner B">B. Lehner</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Polak, P" uniqKey="Polak P">P. Polak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, S" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S">S. Nik-Zainal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, S" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S">S. Nik-Zainal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Helleday, T" uniqKey="Helleday T">T. Helleday</name></author><author><name sortKey="Eshtad, S" uniqKey="Eshtad S">S. Eshtad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, S" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S">S. Nik-Zainal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alexandrov, L B" uniqKey="Alexandrov L">L. B. Alexandrov</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, S" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S">S. Nik-Zainal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pena Diaz, J" uniqKey="Pena Diaz J">J. Pena-Diaz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jiricny, J" uniqKey="Jiricny J">J. Jiricny</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="O Donnell, M" uniqKey="O Donnell M">M. O'Donnell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Langston, L" uniqKey="Langston L">L. Langston</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stillman, B" uniqKey="Stillman B">B. Stillman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alberts, B" uniqKey="Alberts B">B. Alberts</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fragkos, M" uniqKey="Fragkos M">M. Fragkos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ganier, O" uniqKey="Ganier O">O. Ganier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Coulombe, P" uniqKey="Coulombe P">P. Coulombe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mechali, M" uniqKey="Mechali M">M. Mechali</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guan, Z" uniqKey="Guan Z">Z. Guan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Guilbaud, G" uniqKey="Guilbaud G">G. Guilbaud</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Signatures, C M" uniqKey="Signatures C">C. M Signatures</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Conticello, S G" uniqKey="Conticello S">S. G. Conticello</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Harris, R S" uniqKey="Harris R">R. S. Harris</name></author><author><name sortKey="Petersen Mahrt, S K" uniqKey="Petersen Mahrt S">S. K. Petersen-Mahrt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Neuberger, M S" uniqKey="Neuberger M">M. S. Neuberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Byeon, I J" uniqKey="Byeon I">I. J. Byeon</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Holtz, C M" uniqKey="Holtz C">C. M. Holtz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sadler, H A" uniqKey="Sadler H">H. A. Sadler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mansky, L X0a M" uniqKey="Mansky L">L.
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Lahondes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kaykov, A" uniqKey="Kaykov A">A. Kaykov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taillefumier, T" uniqKey="Taillefumier T">T. Taillefumier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bensimon, A" uniqKey="Bensimon A">A. Bensimon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nurse, P" uniqKey="Nurse P">P. Nurse</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gaffney, D J" uniqKey="Gaffney D">D. J. Gaffney</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Belgique</li><li>Corée du Sud</li><li>France</li><li>Islande</li><li>Norvège</li><li>Pays-Bas</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Suède</li><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Morganella, Sandro" sort="Morganella, Sandro" uniqKey="Morganella S" first="Sandro" last="Morganella">Sandro Morganella</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" sort="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" uniqKey="Alexandrov L" first="Ludmil B." last="Alexandrov">Ludmil B. Alexandrov</name><name sortKey="Birney, Ewan" sort="Birney, Ewan" uniqKey="Birney E" first="Ewan" last="Birney">Ewan Birney</name><name sortKey="Butler, Adam" sort="Butler, Adam" uniqKey="Butler A" first="Adam" last="Butler">Adam Butler</name><name sortKey="Campbell, Peter J" sort="Campbell, Peter J" uniqKey="Campbell P" first="Peter J." last="Campbell">Peter J. Campbell</name><name sortKey="Davies, Helen" sort="Davies, Helen" uniqKey="Davies H" first="Helen" last="Davies">Helen Davies</name><name sortKey="Futreal, P Andrew" sort="Futreal, P Andrew" uniqKey="Futreal P" first="P. Andrew" last="Futreal">P. Andrew Futreal</name><name sortKey="Glodzik, Dominik" sort="Glodzik, Dominik" uniqKey="Glodzik D" first="Dominik" last="Glodzik">Dominik Glodzik</name><name sortKey="Martin, Sancha" sort="Martin, Sancha" uniqKey="Martin S" first="Sancha" last="Martin">Sancha Martin</name><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, Serena" sort="Nik Zainal, Serena" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S" first="Serena" last="Nik-Zainal">Serena Nik-Zainal</name><name sortKey="Nik Zainal, Serena" sort="Nik Zainal, Serena" uniqKey="Nik Zainal S" first="Serena" last="Nik-Zainal">Serena Nik-Zainal</name><name sortKey="Rada, Cristina" sort="Rada, Cristina" uniqKey="Rada C" first="Cristina" last="Rada">Cristina Rada</name><name sortKey="Ramakrishna, Manasa" sort="Ramakrishna, Manasa" uniqKey="Ramakrishna M" first="Manasa" last="Ramakrishna">Manasa Ramakrishna</name><name sortKey="Sale, Julian" sort="Sale, Julian" uniqKey="Sale J" first="Julian" last="Sale">Julian Sale</name><name sortKey="Stratton, Michael R" sort="Stratton, Michael R" uniqKey="Stratton M" first="Michael R." last="Stratton">Michael R. Stratton</name><name sortKey="Thompson, Alastair M" sort="Thompson, Alastair M" uniqKey="Thompson A" first="Alastair M." last="Thompson">Alastair M. Thompson</name><name sortKey="Zou, Xueqing" sort="Zou, Xueqing" uniqKey="Zou X" first="Xueqing" last="Zou">Xueqing Zou</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" sort="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" uniqKey="Alexandrov L" first="Ludmil B." last="Alexandrov">Ludmil B. Alexandrov</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" sort="Alexandrov, Ludmil B" uniqKey="Alexandrov L" first="Ludmil B." last="Alexandrov">Ludmil B. Alexandrov</name><name sortKey="Futreal, P Andrew" sort="Futreal, P Andrew" uniqKey="Futreal P" first="P. Andrew" last="Futreal">P. Andrew Futreal</name><name sortKey="Richardson, Andrea L" sort="Richardson, Andrea L" uniqKey="Richardson A" first="Andrea L." last="Richardson">Andrea L. Richardson</name><name sortKey="Richardson, Andrea L" sort="Richardson, Andrea L" uniqKey="Richardson A" first="Andrea L." last="Richardson">Andrea L. Richardson</name><name sortKey="Thompson, Alastair M" sort="Thompson, Alastair M" uniqKey="Thompson A" first="Alastair M." last="Thompson">Alastair M. Thompson</name></country><country name="Suède"><noRegion><name sortKey="Staaf, Johan" sort="Staaf, Johan" uniqKey="Staaf J" first="Johan" last="Staaf">Johan Staaf</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Borg, Ke" sort="Borg, Ke" uniqKey="Borg " first=" Ke" last="Borg"> Ke Borg</name></country><country name="Pays-Bas"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sieuwerts, Anieta M" sort="Sieuwerts, Anieta M" uniqKey="Sieuwerts A" first="Anieta M." last="Sieuwerts">Anieta M. Sieuwerts</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Brinkman, Arie B" sort="Brinkman, Arie B" uniqKey="Brinkman A" first="Arie B." last="Brinkman">Arie B. Brinkman</name><name sortKey="Martens, John W M" sort="Martens, John W M" uniqKey="Martens J" first="John W. M." last="Martens">John W. M. Martens</name><name sortKey="Span, Paul N" sort="Span, Paul N" uniqKey="Span P" first="Paul N." last="Span">Paul N. Span</name><name sortKey="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" sort="Stunnenberg, Hendrik G" uniqKey="Stunnenberg H" first="Hendrik G." last="Stunnenberg">Hendrik G. Stunnenberg</name><name sortKey="Van De Vijver, Marc J" sort="Van De Vijver, Marc J" uniqKey="Van De Vijver M" first="Marc J." last="Van De Vijver">Marc J. Van De Vijver</name></country><country name="Corée du Sud"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kim, Hyung Yong" sort="Kim, Hyung Yong" uniqKey="Kim H" first="Hyung-Yong" last="Kim">Hyung-Yong Kim</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kong, Gu" sort="Kong, Gu" uniqKey="Kong G" first="Gu" last="Kong">Gu Kong</name></country><country name="Belgique"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sotiriou, Christos" sort="Sotiriou, Christos" uniqKey="Sotiriou C" first="Christos" last="Sotiriou">Christos Sotiriou</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Van Laere, Steven" sort="Van Laere, Steven" uniqKey="Van Laere S" first="Steven" last="Van Laere">Steven Van Laere</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Lakhani, Sunil R" sort="Lakhani, Sunil R" uniqKey="Lakhani S" first="Sunil R." last="Lakhani">Sunil R. Lakhani</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Lakhani, Sunil R" sort="Lakhani, Sunil R" uniqKey="Lakhani S" first="Sunil R." last="Lakhani">Sunil R. Lakhani</name></country><country name="Islande"><noRegion><name sortKey="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" sort="Eyfjord, Jorunn E" uniqKey="Eyfjord J" first="Jorunn E." last="Eyfjord">Jorunn E. Eyfjord</name></noRegion></country><country name="Norvège"><noRegion><name sortKey="B Rresen Dale, Anne Lise" sort="B Rresen Dale, Anne Lise" uniqKey="B Rresen Dale A" first="Anne-Lise" last="B Rresen-Dale">Anne-Lise B Rresen-Dale</name></noRegion><name sortKey="B Rresen Dale, Anne Lise" sort="B Rresen Dale, Anne Lise" uniqKey="B Rresen Dale A" first="Anne-Lise" last="B Rresen-Dale">Anne-Lise B Rresen-Dale</name></country><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Thomas, Gilles" sort="Thomas, Gilles" uniqKey="Thomas G" first="Gilles" last="Thomas">Gilles Thomas</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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